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Question P3–P4–P5–P6 Working backwards

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Sticker book — trading and a bonus pack

Mei had some stickers in her sticker book. She traded with a friend, receiving 18 stickers and giving away 7 stickers. Then a bonus pack doubled the number of stickers in her book. She then had 60 stickers. How many stickers did she have before she traded with her friend?

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About this method

Working backwards

You know how it ended. Undo each step, last one first.

In this one. Work backwards by undoing the latest operation first: halve to undo the doubling, then subtract the trade’s net gain.

What you are toldonly the endleft$12Undo the spendingput the $18 backbefore12 + 18 = 30Undo the givinghalf had gone to Helenat first30 doubled = 60

How to spot it

The question gives the final amount after a sequence of changes and asks what the amount was 'at first' or 'to begin with'.

Common mistake

Children undo the steps in the same order they happened rather than in reverse, or forget that a percentage profit is added to the cost price, so the final price is 120% of it, not 100%.

Practise a similar question

Standard There were some passengers on a bus. At the first stop, 12 passengers boarded and 5 got off. At the second stop, the number of passengers doubled. There were then 42 passengers. How many passengers were on the bus before…
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