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Question P6 Number × value

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Bakery countertop — coasters around the display case

The figure shows a rectangular display case and an L-shaped countertop border around it in a bakery. The width of the border is 40 cm. The border is covered with 30 circular coasters of diameter 20 cm, following the pattern shown in the figure. Each coaster touches the ones next to it. What is the area of the border not covered by the coasters? (Take π = 3.14)

The L-shaped border around the display case, two 20 cm coasters deep all the way along, with all 30 coasters touching. Drawn to scale.display case40 cm

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About this method

Number × value

One batch repeats. Work out one batch, then multiply.

In this one. Pair every coaster with its own 20 cm by 20 cm square slot, find the same uncovered corner area once, then multiply that value by 30.

4 batches, all the sameIn allwork out this one, then ×4

How to spot it

Items are described as a fixed group or ratio that repeats, such as tiles following a pattern, snacks sold in a fixed mix, or a rate given per hour or per item.

Common mistake

Children start from the grand total instead of first working out what one batch is worth. In rate questions they also confuse a duration with a clock time.

Practise a similar question

Standard A bakery sells buns and muffins in the ratio of 3 buns to 5 muffins. Each bun costs $2, and each muffin costs $1. If the total value of all buns and muffins is $55, how many buns and muffins are there altogether?
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