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P5–P6 Branching

Today’s problem — free all day, every step. Every day has one.

Flour — Mrs Tan's cake and cookies

Mrs Tan used of her flour to bake a cake and of the remainder for cookies. What fraction of the flour was left?

One step of the worked solution to Flour — Mrs Tan's cake and cookies, drawn in pencil.
7 steps, drawn in pencil

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The pattern behind it: Branching

The second fraction is of one piece, not of the whole.

In this one. The second fraction bites into the remainder, not the whole — so 1/4 of the remainder is 1/4 of 1/3 = 1/12, and what survives is 3/4 of that third. (The trap: 1/3 − 1/4 = 1/12. That subtracts a quarter of the whole, which is not what happened.)

All of it$81books4/9 → $36the rest5/9 → $45a game1/3 of $45 = $15left$30

How to spot it

A second fraction arrives after the first and is attached to a piece rather than to the whole — 'of the remainder', 'of what was left', or 'of the ones that were red'.

Common mistake

Children take the second fraction of the original total instead of the piece it was named against, which makes the amount come out too big.

Try one like it

Standard A dress and a handbag — Mei's savings Mei spent $48 on a dress. This was 3/8 of her savings. After buying the dress, she spent 1/5 of the remaining savings on a handbag…
All 11 with this pattern →

The 33 problem patterns

All 33 patterns, one to a page — the 19 behind Primary 5 and 6 word problems, and the skills the younger years are built on. The bar model, how to spot it in the question, and the mistake children make. A booklet you can print. Free.

A PDF, and a note when new solutions go up.